When NASA Mars Program officials and members of the Mars science community gather in California next week to pare down the list of candidate landing sites for the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL), they can refer to 125 new images from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM).
Built and operated by the Johns Hopkins University Applied 麻豆淫院ics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Md., CRISM is one of six science instruments on NASA鈥檚 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, currently circling the planet.
鈥淪ince MSL will assess whether Mars ever had an environment capable of supporting life, it will have to land in an area with a mineral record indicative of past water,鈥� says Dr. Scott Murchie, CRISM principal investigator from APL. 鈥淐RISM is critical to the selection process because it is the only instrument on MRO with the spectral power to 鈥榮ee鈥� the chemical makeup of the rocks.鈥�
One of CRISM鈥檚 main mission objectives is to find and investigate areas that were wet long enough to leave a mineral signature. Offering greater capability to map spectral variations than any similar instrument sent to another planet, CRISM can read 544 鈥渃olors鈥� of reflected sunlight to detect minerals in the surface.
The imaging spectrometer is among MRO鈥檚 cadre of advanced sensors studying Mars in unprecedented detail and contributing to the MSL landing site selection effort. This includes correlating CRISM鈥檚 spectral data with high-resolution pictures of boulders, craters, sediment layers and other surface features acquired by the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) and Context Camera (CTX). 鈥淐RISM images provide the scientific criteria that will allow the MSL team to narrow its choices,鈥� Murchie says. 鈥淏y combining data from the MRO instruments, we can create a complete picture of the Martian surface.鈥�
The CRISM data release consists of user-friendly, color-coded, thematic images. Different versions of each image show clays, sulfates, and unaltered minerals that help tell the story of past water and volcanic processes on Mars. The set also includes infrared images of surface brightness and enhanced visible-color composites. Each image covers a square area roughly 6 miles (10 kilometers) on a side, with a spatial resolution of approximately 66 feet (20 meters) per pixel.
鈥淭he data products that we have generated for all the proposed MSL landing sites are scaled in a similar manner. This should make it easy for scientists and the public alike to distinguish between landing sites that possess a wide range of rock types, from ones that do not,鈥� says APL鈥檚 Dr. Olivier Barnouin-Jha, who with Dr. Frank Seelos (also of APL) assembled the products in this release. 鈥淕oing to a location with greater rock diversity will ensure that MSL significantly enhances our understanding of the geological history of Mars, including the history of water."
The images and accompanying analysis products are available on the CRISM Web site at .
Source: Johns Hopkins University
