California's latest offshore oil spill could fuel pressure to end oil production statewide
An oil spill first reported on Oct. 2, 2021, has released thousands of gallons of crude oil into southern California coastal waters. The source is believed to be a leak in an underwater pipeline connected to an oil drilling platform 17.5 miles offshore. Oil has washed ashore in Huntington Beach and Newport Beach and into coastal marshes. Orange County has requested a federal disaster declaration. Charles Lester, director of the Ocean and Coastal Policy Center at the University of California Santa Barbara's Marine Science Institute, explains the scope of this spill.
How large is this spill, and how much coastline is affected?
Reports estimate that about 126,000 gallons of oil have spilled from a ruptured undersea pipeline, potentially affecting 25 miles of coast in Orange County. As a precaution, the state of California has from Huntington Beach to the city of Dana Point, extending out 6 miles from shore.
This stretch of shoreline includes many extremely important marine and coastal resources, from the complex to the .
Wetlands provide critical wildlife habitat and are nurseries for many marine species. The ones in California are part of a network of wetlands along the Pacific coast that . Rocky shorelines and tide pool areas along the Newport and Laguna coasts are also critically important habitat areas for , and .
Since Spanish settlement began in the mid-1500s, California has lost . That makes the ones that are left, such as the near the mouth of the Santa Ana River, even more important.
Orange County also has dozens of popular beaches that millions of residents and visitors use. They generate for the state's coastal economy every year.
Offshore oil development always entails some risk of an oil spill. California's ocean waters have experienced multiple spills over the past 50-plus years.
The largest was the , which sent more than 3 million gallons of oil onto local beaches. It was a major disaster that helped launch the modern environmental movement.
Other large spills since then include the off the coast of Orange County in 1990, which released 416,000 gallons, and the in Santa Barbara County, which released 123,000 gallons from an underground pipeline on land into the ocean.
Offshore oil production presents spill risks from both platform drilling activities and the facilities that move oil from offshore to refineries and storage facilities on land—including undersea and underground pipelines. The vast array of oil and gas infrastructure along California's coast requires constant monitoring and maintenance to avoid spills like this one.
What kind of technology does the state have to contain and clean up the oil?
Time is of the essence in oil spill response. Responders are deploying physical barriers such as to contain and clean up oil floating on the ocean's surface. They also are in front of wetlands to protect sensitive areas from oil washing in with the tides.
Other cleanup technologies include using to help break down and disperse oil in the water column, and possibly to help remove it from the water. Aerial reconnaissance will help the Coast Guard and state agencies track the location and scale of the spill.
What possible impacts of this spill are you most concerned about?
I am most worried about oil's , including seabirds and other species that inhabit our coastal wetlands. Once oil gets into the marshes and sensitive shoreline locations, it becomes .
I am also concerned about longer-term impacts to sensitive wetland and rocky shoreline environments. Oil spills have a significant impact on our coastal economies, from fisheries to recreational activities, including beach closures.
Offshore drilling is very unpopular in California. How long do you expect it will continue?
I expect that many Californians will see this spill as yet more evidence that the state and the nation should make a swift transition to alternative energy sources, such as solar power and offshore wind. Burning oil and other fossil fuels is one of the that are heating the planet and changing its climate.
Californians are consistently against new offshore oil development: In one recent poll, . That reflects concern about oil spills and effects on fisheries and other competing ocean uses, as well as the impacts of climate change.
Gov. Gavin Newsom has ordered that by 2035, all new cars and passenger trucks sold in California . He also has asked the to analyze how to .
Many Californians would like that to . I'm sure this latest disaster will only intensify pressure to end oil production in California, on land and offshore.
Provided by The Conversation
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