Âé¶¹ÒùÔº

January 29, 2025

When AI gets on your nerves: Âé¶¹ÒùÔºiologists use neural networks to analyze function of ion channels

Flow chart of the proposed algorithm. Credit: Communications Chemistry (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01369-y
× close
Flow chart of the proposed algorithm. Credit: Communications Chemistry (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01369-y

Deep neural networks will allow signal transfer of nerve cells to be analyzed in real time in the future. That is the result of a study conducted by physiologists at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) that has been in the journal Communications Chemistry. The method is not only of relevance for neuromedicine, it can also be used for investigating chemical reactions.

Nerve cells are the information carriers in our brain. When transferring signals, they change their electrical charge by regulating the concentration of sodium or via . These channels are located in the and work like electrical switches.

"There is an established method that can be used to measure whether an ion channel is open or closed," explains PD Dr. Dr. Tobias Huth from the Institute of Âé¶¹ÒùÔºiology and Pathophysiology at FAU. "This involves placing an extremely fine pipette of just one micrometer in diameter at the channel and recording changes in ."

The problem with this patch-clamp technique is that numerous disruptive factors in the surrounding environment make it difficult to detect the extremely weak currents the ion channels work with. Low-pass filters minimize noise, but restrict the bandwidth for measurements.

"Our experiments result in a condensed time series recording of the electrical currents that resembles a never-ending barcode," explains Efthymios Oikonomou, doctoral candidate at the Institute of Âé¶¹ÒùÔºiology and Pathophysiology and main author of the study. "Evaluating these single channel datasets is extremely time-consuming and requires enormous computing power."

Get free science updates with Science X Daily and Weekly Newsletters — to customize your preferences!

The researchers from Erlangen have now presented a method aimed at considerably increasing the speed of analysis using . The first step involves transforming the time series recordings into two-dimensional histograms. These compact graphs that can be compared to QR codes eliminate superfluous information and present all the essential data in a very small space.

"We simulated millions of these histograms on a mainframe for training the AI. If we had restricted ourselves to only using genuine measurements, it would have taken decades," Oikonomou explains.

The trained neural networks are in a position to analyze unknown electrical currents with lightning speed, thereby observing how ion channels work in real time.

"This opens the door to previously unheard of opportunities for investigating including neural disorders and diseases," explains Tobias Huth. "For example, it is possible for us to track how react to new medicines in virtually real time."

Using deep neural networks to process histograms is not only of interest for medical applications, however. The method may also prove beneficial for any instances where there is a requirement to describe changes of state that are rapid and difficult to predict, for example in the case of chemical reactions.

More information: Efthymios Oikonomou et al, A deep learning approach to real-time Markov modeling of ion channel gating, Communications Chemistry (2024).

Journal information: Communications Chemistry

Load comments (0)

This article has been reviewed according to Science X's and . have highlighted the following attributes while ensuring the content's credibility:

fact-checked
peer-reviewed publication
trusted source
proofread

Get Instant Summarized Text (GIST)

Deep neural networks enable real-time analysis of ion channel function in nerve cells by transforming electrical current data into two-dimensional histograms. This method significantly accelerates data processing, overcoming limitations of traditional techniques like the patch-clamp method. The approach offers new possibilities for studying brain function and neural disorders and can be applied to other fields, such as chemical reactions.

This summary was automatically generated using LLM.