/ en-us Â鶹ÒùÔº internet news portal provides the latest news on science including: Â鶹ÒùÔºics, Nanotechnology, Life Sciences, Space Science, Earth Science, Environment, Health and Medicine. Essentially all cells in an organism's body have the same genetic blueprint, or genome, but the set of genes that are actively expressed at any given time in a cell determines what type of cell it will be and its function. How rapidly gene expression in a single cell changes over time can provide insight into how cells might become more specialized, but current measurement approaches are limited. A new method developed by researchers at Penn State and Yale University incorporates spatial information from the cell as well as data from cells processed at different times, improving researchers' ability to understand the nuances of gene expression changes. /news/2025-09-method-tracks-gene-reveal-cell.html Molecular & Computational biology Sat, 06 Sep 2025 09:52:46 EDT news676371155 El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the strongest interannual variability signal in Earth's climate system. The shifts between its warm and cold phases profoundly impact global extreme weather, ecosystems, and economic development. However, current climate models show large discrepancies in their future projections of ENSO sea surface temperature (SST) variability. /news/2025-09-deep-enso-uncertainty.html Earth Sciences Environment Thu, 04 Sep 2025 12:02:21 EDT news676206139 Neural networks are computing systems designed to mimic both the structure and function of the human brain. Caltech researchers have been developing a neural network made out of strands of DNA instead of electronic parts that carries out computation through chemical reactions rather than digital signals. /news/2025-09-dna-based-neural-network-examples.html Biotechnology Molecular & Computational biology Wed, 03 Sep 2025 16:58:04 EDT news676137481 Since its release in 2024, the open-source platform BindCraft, developed at EPFL, has already disrupted the world of protein design. Â鶹ÒùÔºical interactions between proteins influence anything from cell signaling and growth to immune responses, so the ability to control these interactions is of great interest to biologists. /news/2025-08-source-ai-platform-democratize-protein.html Biotechnology Molecular & Computational biology Fri, 29 Aug 2025 12:04:04 EDT news675687841 What if plants could speak when they were thirsty? Agriculture, in essence, is a dialog among crops, soil and climate. Yet drought, the most insidious stressor, remains largely silent until its damage is visible. /news/2025-08-ai-simple-images-early-drought.html Biotechnology Agriculture Fri, 29 Aug 2025 09:53:40 EDT news675680013 Cellular differentiation of stem cells into specialized cells requires many steps, including division, to create more cells; fate determination, which is a commitment to a specific lineage or developmental path; and migration, to integrate the cell into its final location. /news/2025-08-sniffing-stem-cells-olfactory-neurons.html Cell & Microbiology Molecular & Computational biology Thu, 28 Aug 2025 17:10:05 EDT news675619801 Traumatic injuries of the central nervous system (CNS)—such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI)—are characterized by oxidative damage and neuroinflammation. Current treatment relies mainly on supportive care and surgical intervention, with a lack of effective drugs to directly target the underlying damage. /news/2025-08-tiny-selenium-exosomes-brain-spinal.html Bio & Medicine Thu, 28 Aug 2025 11:00:02 EDT news675512522 Volcanic eruptions can have dramatic consequences. But how can we anticipate this phenomenon, which unfolds up to tens of kilometers beneath the surface? /news/2025-08-heart-volcanoes.html Earth Sciences Wed, 27 Aug 2025 09:33:04 EDT news675505981 The Southern Ocean plays an important role in global climate and carbon cycling. Understanding carbon export in this region is critical for modeling Earth's changing climate and evaluating potential ocean-based climate interventions. /news/2025-08-ai-approach-sharpens-picture-carbon.html Earth Sciences Environment Wed, 27 Aug 2025 08:23:07 EDT news675501781 The Northwest can expect a widespread increase in days with cloud-to-ground lightning in the years to come, along with heightened wildfire risk, according to projections made with a unique machine-learning approach developed at Washington State University. /news/2025-08-lightning-wildfire-northwest.html Earth Sciences Environment Tue, 26 Aug 2025 16:22:04 EDT news675444121 As summer winds down, many of us in continental Europe are heading back north. The long return journeys from the beaches of southern France, Spain, and Italy once again clog alpine tunnels and Mediterranean coastal routes during the infamous Black Saturday bottlenecks. This annual migration, like many systems in our world, forms a network—not just of connections, but of communities shaped by shared patterns of origin and destination. /news/2025-08-code-network-theory-bimodularity-reveals.html Mathematics Tue, 26 Aug 2025 14:20:01 EDT news675434713 Different countries have different cultures, and social scientists have developed theories about which values are most important in differentiating the world's cultures. Abhishek Sheetal and colleagues used the power of machine learning to identify the crucial distinguishing characteristics of the world's national cultures in a theory-blind manner. The findings are published in the journal PNAS Nexus. /news/2025-08-ai-nationality-beliefs-values.html Social Sciences Tue, 26 Aug 2025 10:06:03 EDT news675421561 So-called "100-year weather events" now seem almost commonplace as floods, storms and fires continue to set new standards for largest, strongest and most destructive. But to categorize weather as a true 100-year event, there must be just a 1% chance of it occurring in any given year. The trouble is that researchers don't always know whether the weather aligns with the current climate or defies the odds. /news/2025-08-ai-simulates-years-current-climate.html Earth Sciences Environment Mon, 25 Aug 2025 12:50:05 EDT news675345002 An open-source artificial intelligence model to accurately map the carbon emissions of buildings across multiple cities could become a powerful new tool to help policymakers plan targeted and equitable decarbonization strategies. /news/2025-08-ai-emissions-fairer-climate-policies.html Environment Fri, 22 Aug 2025 12:20:04 EDT news675084001 One of the most fundamental processes in all of biology is the spontaneous organization of cells into clusters that divide and eventually turn into shapes—be they organs, wings or limbs. /news/2025-08-optimizing-cells-framework-genetic.html Cell & Microbiology Molecular & Computational biology Thu, 21 Aug 2025 10:36:23 EDT news674991377 Practical fusion power that can provide cheap, clean energy could be a step closer thanks to artificial intelligence. Scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed a deep learning model that accurately predicted the results of a nuclear fusion experiment conducted in 2022. Accurate predictions can help speed up the design of new experiments and accelerate the quest for this virtually limitless energy source. /news/2025-08-ai-advances-fusion-power-success.html Plasma Â鶹ÒùÔºics Wed, 20 Aug 2025 11:30:07 EDT news674906036 Within the past few years, models that can predict the structure or function of proteins have been widely used for a variety of biological applications, such as identifying drug targets and designing new therapeutic antibodies. /news/2025-08-glimpse-protein-language.html Biotechnology Molecular & Computational biology Tue, 19 Aug 2025 02:30:01 EDT news674787121 Researchers report three distinct tanystropheid taxa from the upper Blue Mesa Member of the Chinle Formation in the Petrified Forest National Park in Arizona, including a new genus and species, Akidostropheus oligos, with a distinctive back spike emanating from the spine. /news/2025-08-triassic-freshwater-deposits-petrified-forest.html Paleontology & Fossils Sun, 17 Aug 2025 08:40:02 EDT news674476365 Based on simulations, researchers report that the next big earthquake along the San Andreas fault is unlikely to resemble previous quakes. Researchers at the intersection of algebra, geometry, particle physics and cosmology are making headway in describing the shape of the universe. And common food thickeners based on derivatives of cellulose don't just pass through your digestive tract as previously believed—gut bacteria are able to feed on them. /news/2025-08-saturday-citations-category-supernovas-neurons.html Other Sat, 16 Aug 2025 08:30:01 EDT news674476215 Using artificial intelligence, MIT researchers have come up with a new way to design nanoparticles that can more efficiently deliver RNA vaccines and other types of RNA therapies. /news/2025-08-ai-nanoparticles-efficient-rna-vaccine.html Bio & Medicine Fri, 15 Aug 2025 05:00:01 EDT news674411341 A public‑private partnership between Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS), the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Princeton Plasma Â鶹ÒùÔºics Laboratory (PPPL) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory has led to a new artificial intelligence (AI) approach that is faster at finding what's known as "magnetic shadows" in a fusion vessel: safe havens protected from the intense heat of the plasma. /news/2025-08-shadows-fusion-faster-ai.html Plasma Â鶹ÒùÔºics Wed, 13 Aug 2025 10:14:04 EDT news674298842 Advances in artificial intelligence for porous materials design could impact a wide variety of fields, from orthopedic implants to next-generation batteries. /news/2025-08-pressure-ai-porous-materials.html Analytical Chemistry Materials Science Tue, 12 Aug 2025 10:42:20 EDT news674214133 Sliding ferroelectrics are a type of two-dimensional (2D) material realized by stacking nonpolar monolayers (atom-thick layers that lack an electric dipole). When these individual layers are stacked, they produce ferroelectric materials with an intrinsic polarization (i.e., in which positive and negative charges are spontaneously separated), which can be switched using an external electric field that is perpendicular to them. /news/2025-08-domain-walls-polarization-ferroelectrics.html Nanophysics Nanomaterials Mon, 11 Aug 2025 13:10:01 EDT news674133369 Deep neural networks (DNNs), the machine learning algorithms underpinning the functioning of large language models (LLMs) and other artificial intelligence (AI) models, learn to make accurate predictions by analyzing large amounts of data. These networks are structured in layers, each of which transforms input data into 'features' that guide the analysis of the next layer. /news/2025-08-geometry-physics-feature-deep-neural.html General Â鶹ÒùÔºics Sun, 10 Aug 2025 08:30:01 EDT news673259275 It's August, which means Hot Science Summer is two-thirds over. This week, NASA released an exceptionally pretty photo of Mars, a sharp panorama color altered to make the sky blue (???). California health authorities are warning hunters and trappers about contaminated game after one trapper caught a wild pig with bright blue muscle tissue. The pigs and other wildlife may have been exposed to the anticoagulant rodenticide diphacinone. And an international team of astronomers identified the oldest known black hole ever confirmed—the object was present 500 million years after the Big Bang. /news/2025-08-saturday-citations-video-games-brain.html Other Sat, 09 Aug 2025 08:30:01 EDT news673875043 Large language models (LLMs), advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models trained to analyze and generate texts in different human languages, have become increasingly widespread over the past few years. Since the release of the conversational platform ChatGPT, which relies on different versions of an LLM called GPT, these models have become widely used by individuals worldwide, while also making their way into some professional and research settings. /news/2025-08-llms-psychological-outcomes-childhood-essays.html Social Sciences Education Thu, 07 Aug 2025 07:00:01 EDT news673694784 Marine cone snails are host to a family of dangerous neurotoxins. Very little is known about how those toxins interact with the human body, making this an area of interest for medical drug research and an area of concern in national security spaces. For the first time, a team at Los Alamos National Laboratory has successfully trained a machine learning model that predicts how alpha conotoxins bind to specific human receptor subtypes, which could help researchers develop lifesaving anti-toxins. /news/2025-08-machine-scientists-deadly-cone-snail.html Biochemistry Analytical Chemistry Tue, 05 Aug 2025 12:30:01 EDT news673615475 A research team led by Professor Takuya Yamamoto and Assistant Professor Ryusaku Matsumoto (Department of Life Science Frontiers) has developed a machine learning model that enables early prediction of hypothalamus–pituitary organoid formation from human iPS cells to aid in organoid research and regenerative medicine. /news/2025-08-stem-cell-derived-organoid-quality.html Cell & Microbiology Biotechnology Tue, 05 Aug 2025 10:01:03 EDT news673606861 A new strategy for strengthening polymer materials could lead to more durable plastics and cut down on plastic waste, according to researchers at MIT and Duke University. /news/2025-08-ai-uncovers-molecules-stronger-longer.html Polymers Analytical Chemistry Tue, 05 Aug 2025 07:16:53 EDT news673597005 Neural networks revolutionized machine learning for classical computers: self-driving cars, language translation and even artificial intelligence software were all made possible. It is no wonder, then, that researchers wanted to transfer this same power to quantum computers—but all attempts to do so brought unforeseen problems. /news/2025-08-gaussian-path-quantum-machine.html Quantum Â鶹ÒùÔºics Mon, 04 Aug 2025 11:49:03 EDT news673526941