/ en-us Â鶹ÒùÔº internet news portal provides the latest news on science including: Â鶹ÒùÔºics, Nanotechnology, Life Sciences, Space Science, Earth Science, Environment, Health and Medicine. If one side of a conducting or semiconducting material is heated while the other remains cool, charge carriers move from the hot side to the cold side, generating an electrical voltage known as thermopower. /news/2025-03-thermopower-based-technique-fractional-quantum.html Condensed Matter Quantum Â鶹ÒùÔºics Fri, 28 Mar 2025 09:50:01 EDT news662370378 Superconductivity, which entails an electrical resistance of zero at very low temperatures, is a highly desirable and thus widely studied quantum phenomenon. Typically, this state is known to arise following the formation of bound electron pairs known as Cooper pairs, yet identifying the factors contributing to its emergence in quantum materials has so far proved more challenging. /news/2025-03-physicists-uncover-superconducting-regimes-kagome.html Condensed Matter Superconductivity Thu, 13 Mar 2025 06:30:01 EDT news660905885 A research team led by Prof. Long Shibing from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has, for the first time, made spintronic neuromorphic devices based on CoO/Pt heterostructure. The study is published in Nano Letters. /news/2025-03-antiferromagnetic-neuromorphic-memory-spintronic-device.html Nanophysics Nanomaterials Mon, 03 Mar 2025 11:15:02 EST news660222901 A team of physicists led by The City College of New York's Lia Krusin-Elbaum has developed a novel technique that uses hydrogen cations (H+) to manipulate relativistic electronic bandstructures in a magnetic Weyl semimetal—a topological material where electrons mimic massless particles called Weyl fermions. These particles are distinguished by their chirality or "handedness" linked to their spin and momentum. /news/2025-01-quantum-breakthrough-sustainable-chiral-spintronics.html Quantum Â鶹ÒùÔºics Sat, 11 Jan 2025 06:14:19 EST news655798454 Researchers at Zhejiang University and Sun Yat-Sen University have gathered evidence of high-temperature superconductivity with zero resistance and strange metal behavior in a material identified in their previous studies. /news/2024-06-high-temperature-superconductor-resistance-strange.html Condensed Matter Superconductivity Tue, 25 Jun 2024 06:50:01 EDT news638440059 In a novel experiment, physicists have observed long range quantum coherence effects due to Aharonov-Bohm interference in a topological insulator-based device. This finding opens up a new realm of possibilities for the future development of topological quantum physics and engineering. /news/2024-02-scientists-exotic-quantum-effect-topological.html Condensed Matter Quantum Â鶹ÒùÔºics Thu, 22 Feb 2024 08:44:06 EST news627813842 Transporting energy is costly. When a current runs through conductive materials, some of the energy is lost due to resistance as particles within the material interact—just notice the warmth from your phone or laptop. This energy loss presents a hurdle to the advancement of many technologies and scientists are searching for ways to make superconductors that eliminate resistance. /news/2023-05-possibilities-tiny-superconductors.html Superconductivity Quantum Â鶹ÒùÔºics Fri, 05 May 2023 10:08:03 EDT news602500081 New research conducted by Princeton University physicists is delving with high resolution into the complex and fascinating world of topological quantum matter—a branch of physics that studies the inherent quantum properties of materials that can be deformed but not intrinsically changed. By repeating an experiment first conducted by researchers at Kyoto University, the Princeton team has clarified key aspects of the original experiment, and importantly, reached novel and divergent conclusions—conclusions that advance our understanding of topological matter. /news/2022-11-boundaries-topological-quantum.html Quantum Â鶹ÒùÔºics Thu, 17 Nov 2022 16:38:44 EST news587925518 Over the past few decades, many condensed matter physicists have conducted research focusing on quantum phase transitions that are not clearly associated with a broken symmetry. One reason that these transitions are interesting is that they might underpin the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity. /news/2022-01-evidence-quantum-phase-transition-symmetry.html General Â鶹ÒùÔºics Quantum Â鶹ÒùÔºics Thu, 06 Jan 2022 10:40:02 EST news560687325 According to the Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law, the electrical conductivity of a metal is linked to its thermal counterpart, provided that the heat carried by the phonons is negligible and the electrons do not suffer inelastic scattering. In a type II Weyl semimetal also known as a fourth fermion, the thermal dependence of the ratio between electrical and thermal conductivity highlights deviations from the Wiedemann-Franz law. Â鶹ÒùÔºicists have tested the WF law in numerous solids but intend to understand the extent of its relevance during anomalous transverse transport and investigate the topological nature of the wave function. In a new report, Liangcai Xu and an international research team in condensed matter physics in China, France, Israel and Germany, presented a study of the anomalous transverse response in a noncollinear antiferromagnetic Weyl semimetal, Mn3Ge. They varied the experimental conditions from room temperature down to sub-Kelvin temperature and observed finite-temperature violation of the WF correlation. They credited the outcome to a mismatch between the thermal and electrical summations of the Berry curvature (a geometric phase acquired within the course of a cycle) and not due to inelastic scattering. The team backed their interpretation with theoretical calculations to reveal a competition between the temperature and Berry curvature distribution. The work is now published on Science Advances. /news/2020-05-finite-temperature-violation-anomalous-transverse-wiedemann-franz.html General Â鶹ÒùÔºics Quantum Â鶹ÒùÔºics Thu, 07 May 2020 10:00:02 EDT news508063883 In materials science, two-dimensional electron systems (2DES) realized at the oxide surface or interface are a promising candidate to achieve novel physical properties and functionalities in a rapidly emerging quantum field. While 2-DES provides an important platform for exotic quantum events including the quantum Hall effect and superconductivity, the effect of symmetry breaking ; transition from a disorderly state in to a more definite state, on such quantum phases remain elusive. Nonreciprocal electrical transport or current-direction-dependent resistance is a probe for broken inversion symmetry (presence of a dipole), as observed on several noncentrosymmetric crystals and interfaces. In a new report, Yuki M. Itahashi and a team of scientists in applied physics, nanosystems and materials science in Japan and the U.S. reported nonreciprocal transport at the surface of a 2-D superconductor made of the superconducting material strontium titanate (SrTiO3). The team observed gigantic enhancement of the nonreciprocal region in the superconducting fluctuation region—at six orders of magnitude larger compared to its normal state. The results are now published on Science Advances and demonstrate unprecedented characteristics of the 2-D polar superconductor. /news/2020-04-nonreciprocal-gate-induced-strontium-titanate-polar.html Superconductivity Mon, 06 Apr 2020 11:30:01 EDT news505390359 Heterostructures with magnetism and topology (geometry) are promising materials to realize exotic topological quantum states. However, such materials are challenging to engineer or synthesize. In a new report on Science Advances, Jiazhen Wu and an interdisciplinary research team in the departments of Materials Research, Optoelectronic Science, Â鶹ÒùÔºics, Condensed Matter Research and Advanced Materials in Japan and China, reported the development of natural magnetic van der Waals heterostructures. The constructs exhibited controllable magnetic properties while maintaining their topological surface states. /news/2019-11-natural-van-der-waals-heterostructural.html General Â鶹ÒùÔºics Condensed Matter Wed, 27 Nov 2019 09:30:03 EST news493973576 Engineers at the University of California, Riverside, have reported advances in so-called "spintronic" devices that will help lead to a new technology for computing and data storage. They have developed methods to detect signals from spintronic components made of low-cost metals and silicon, which overcomes a major barrier to wide application of spintronics. Previously such devices depended on complex structures that used rare and expensive metals such as platinum. The researchers were led by Sandeep Kumar, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering. /news/2018-02-advances-spintronics-technology.html General Â鶹ÒùÔºics Thu, 01 Feb 2018 14:29:03 EST news436717733 (Â鶹ÒùÔº)—Quantum magnetism, in which – unlike magnetism in macroscopic-scale materials, where electron spin orientation is random – atomic spins self-organize into one-dimensional rows that can be simulated using cold atoms trapped along a physical structure that guides optical spectrum electromagnetic waves known as a photonic crystal waveguide. Recently, scientists at Purdue University, Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Germany, and California Institute of Technology, used this approach to devise a scheme for simulating quantum magnetism that provides full control of interactions between pairs of spins at arbitrary distances in 1D and 2D lattices, and moreover demonstrated the scheme's wide utility by generating several well-known spin models. The researchers state that their results allow the introduction of geometric phases into the spin system that could generate topological models with long-range spin–spin interactions. /news/2016-08-simulated-quantum-magnetism-interactions-arbitrary.html Quantum Â鶹ÒùÔºics Wed, 31 Aug 2016 09:30:01 EDT news391843777 Quantum mechanics is the field of physics governing the behavior of things on atomic scales, where things work very differently from our everyday world. /news/2016-05-size-quantization-dirac-fermions-graphene.html Nanophysics Fri, 20 May 2016 05:00:02 EDT news382936432 Using a highly controlled deposition technique, scientists from the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have synthesized ultrathin films containing multiple samples of a copper-oxide compound to study the compound's electronic behavior at near absolute zero, or minus 459 degrees Fahrenheit. This technique, as described in a paper published in this week's Online Early Edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, is helping scientists understand how electrons behave as this material transitions from being an insulator to a superconductor capable of carrying electric current with no resistance. /news/2016-04-scientists-insulator-superconductor-transition-copper-oxide-compound.html Superconductivity Tue, 05 Apr 2016 09:26:47 EDT news379067142 (Â鶹ÒùÔº) —The wunderkind material graphene is a one-atom thick layer of graphite (another crystalline form of carbon) in which carbon atoms are arranged in a regular hexagonal pattern. Being very strong, light, nearly transparent, and an excellent conductor of heat and electricity, is finding new applications at a dizzying rate. This is not surprising, given that its myriad characteristics include its electronic, optical, excitonic, thermal, spin transport, anomalous quantum Hall effect, mechanical, and other unique properties. Although one of graphene's attractive mechanical properties is its flexibility, most research into those properties has been conducted on rigid substrates such as silicon dioxide or quartz. A rigid substrate is suitable for transistors or photoelectric devices, but applying graphene to flexible substrates has numerous applications, such as organic electronics (used in solar cells, light-emitting diodes, touch screen technology, photodetectors, and molecular separation membranes), photonics, and optoelectronics. Currently, there's little reported activity in transferring graphene onto flexible substrates, and these typically use polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as an intermediate membrane – the downside being that the membrane must be removed after the transfer. Recently, however, scientists at MIT, University of Alabama and Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais devised a simple, PMMA-free, direct lamination technique for transferring graphene onto various flexible substrates. While their direct transfer method doesn't work on hydrophilic substrates like paper or cloth, the new technique also can work successfully in these works by using PMMA as a surface modifier or adhesive – a capability that they say will create opportunities for ubiquitous or wearable electronics. /news/2013-11-faster-simpler-depositing-graphene-flexible.html Nanomaterials Tue, 05 Nov 2013 10:35:53 EST news302870127 (Â鶹ÒùÔº)—Tanya Zelevinsky's Pupin Hall lab is home to a sprawling contraption of gangly wires, metal pipes and chambers, and flashing lights. Inside a container that opens up like a porthole is a glowing blue dot—a cloud of a million atoms cooled to nearly absolute zero, or close to minus 460 degrees Fahrenheit, eight orders of magnitude below room temperature. "I can safely say this is the coldest point in New York City," says Zelevinsky, an assistant professor of physics who may know more about cold than most people—she was born in Siberia. /news/2012-12-physicist-precise.html General Â鶹ÒùÔºics Wed, 19 Dec 2012 09:36:50 EST news275132201