Don't like spiders? Here are 10 reasons to change your mind
Australia is famous for its supposedly scary spiders. While the sight of a spider may cause some people to shudder, they are a vital part of nature. Hostile reactions are harming conservation efforts鈥攅specially when people kill spiders unnecessarily.
Populations of many invertebrate species, including , are highly vulnerable. Some species have become extinct due to .
In dramatic efforts to avoid or kill a spider, people have reportedly , and even caused such a commotion that .
A pathological fear of spiders, known as arachnophobia, is of course, a legitimate condition. But in reality, we have little to fear. Read on to find out why you should love, not loathe, our eight-legged arachnid friends.
1. Spiders haven't killed anyone in Australia for 40 years
The last confirmed fatal spider bite in Australia .
Only a few species have venom that can kill humans: some mouse spiders (Missulena species), Sydney Funnel-webs (Atrax species) and some of their close relatives. for redbacks (Latrodectus hasseltii) was introduced in 1956, and for funnel-webs in 1980. However, redback venom is .
2. Spiders save us from the world's deadliest animal
Spiders mostly eat insects, which helps control their populations. Their webs鈥攅specially big, intricate ones like our orb weavers' 鈥� are particularly adept at catching small flying insects such as mosquitoes. Worldwide, mosquito-borne viruses than any other animal.
3. They can live to an impressive age
The was a 43- year-old female trapdoor spider (Gaius villosus) that lived near Perth, Western Australia. Tragically a wasp sting, not old age, killed her.
4. Spider silk is amazing
Spider silk is the strongest, most flexible natural biomaterial known to man. It has historically been used to make bandages, and UK researchers have worked out how to load silk bandages with . Webs of the golden orb spider, common throughout Australia, are , and a entirely from their silk.
5. Their venom could save our life
The University of Queensland is using spider venom non-addictive pain-killers. The venom rapidly immobilizes prey by targeting its nervous system鈥攁n ability that can act as a painkiller in humans.
The venom from a Fraser Island funnel web contains a molecule that . Researchers are investigating whether it could be administered by paramedics to protect a stroke victim on the way to hospital.
Funnel-web venom is also being used to create which are harmless to birds and mammals.
6. They could compete at Little Athletics
The Australian huntsman (Family Sparassidae) can run 40 body lengths per second, about eight times faster than the fastest human runners.
Other spiders have great throwing skills. To catch moths, the spins a thread with a sticky glob of silk on the end. The glob mimics the scent of a female moth. When a male moth comes to investigate, the spider throws the glob at the moth, catches it then reels it in.
7. Spiders want to be left alone
Spiders are not aggressive and will either try to run away from people, or defend themselves. Many are exceptional at hiding or camouflaging themselves, in the hope we don't even see them.
Wrap-around spiders (Dolophones species) flatten themselves around branches to hide during the day, then come out to build webs at night.
hide by looking like, yes, bird-droppings.
The Western Australian shield-back trapdoor spiders (Idiosoma species) uses its unusually hard abdomen to "plug" its tunnel when a predator enters, creating an impenetrable shield.
Trapdoor spiders live in burrows with a silken lid that shuts tight, then gets covered in dirt or leaf litter.
8. Spiders have very unusual sex lives
It's well known that some female spiders eat their partners during or after sex. But male Tasmanian cave spiders have evolved to avoid this fate. They use kinks in their legs to pin the female's fangs apart while they mate, which can prevent her from killing him. These spiders are so fascinating, they are the subject of a documentary,
More generally, male spiders use their "hands" (called pedipalps), to transfer sperm into female spider "vaginas" (called epigynes).
During courtship, Australian male peacock spiders display their colorful abdomen to the female by using some .
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Trapdoor burrows of an Idiosoma species open (left) and closed (right). Credit: Author provided -
A wolf spider carrying her spiderlings. Credit: She's Got Legs/Caitlin Henderson
9. Spiders are great mothers
Some female spiders for their young, or even . All spider mothers protect their babies, called spiderlings. However trapdoor spider mothers allow spiderlings to live in the home burrow for nine months, before they .
10. Humans need spiders to survive
It is important to remember that spiders and other invertebrates鈥攁nimals without spines鈥攎ake up 98% of animal species. They are ; without them, the remaining 2% of vertebrates, including humans, could not survive.
OK, OK. I care about spiders. Now what?
Spread the word to your friends and family that spiders should be cared for.
By all means, teach children that certain spiders require caution, and should be admired from a safe distance. But if your child has an irrational fear of spiders, address this as early as possible. Encourage positive interest in the spider world by exposing children to books and movies with spiders as the lead protagonists, such as Charlotte's Web and Spiderman.
Research has shown that through frequent exposure. So be sure to share images of spiders with your arachnaphobic friends!
Provided by The Conversation
This article is republished from under a Creative Commons license. Read the .
