Requiring photo ID has little effect on voter turnout, MU study finds
With the 2008 Presidential election less than a year away, many states are working to require photo identification from all voters in an attempt to curb illegal voting. Critics argue that the requirement is unconstitutional and will ultimately reduce participation in elections. However, a recent study of Indiana鈥檚 photo ID law, conducted by a University of Missouri professor, found that requiring identification doesn鈥檛 have much impact on voter turnout rates.
Jeffrey Milyo, professor of economics and public affairs at the University of Missouri and the Hanna Family Scholar in the Center for Applied Economics at the University of Kansas, notes that overall voter turnout in Indiana actually increased after the implementation of photo ID. His study evaluated the effects of photo identification requirements by comparing county-level turnout in Indiana in the 2002 and 2006 mid-term elections, since the current ID law was not in place in 鈥�02.
鈥淧revious studies have examined the effects of voter ID laws more generally, but none of these separately analyzes the effects of so called 鈥榤andatory photo ID鈥� on turnout in Indiana,鈥� Milyo said. 鈥淚 examined a variety of models on voter turnout. After controlling for several factors that influence county-wide turnout, I found no consistent or statistically significant evidence that the photo ID law depressed turnout in counties with greater percentages of minority, poor or elderly voters. Contrary to conventional wisdom, turnout in Democratic-leaning counties actually increased in the wake of the new photo ID requirements, all else constant.鈥�
The Indiana law is currently before the U.S. Supreme Court this term and will be decided by early summer, potentially setting the precedent for pending legislation nationwide. Opponents contend that stringent photo ID requirements place a burden on the right to vote and lower turnout from Democrats, minorities, the elderly and low-income citizens. Specifically, the Indiana law has been described as the 鈥渕ost onerous鈥� or 鈥渕ost Draconian鈥� in the nation. Milyo said nothing could be further from the truth.
鈥淓xisting theory and empirical research suggest that the impact of photo ID on voter turnout should be negligible; overwrought claims to the contrary are simply not supported by the evidence,鈥� he said. 鈥淚f opponents of voter ID laws really want to remove barriers to voting, they should consider working to make it easier for people to keep their voter registration current, rather than working to undermine the enforcement of voter registration laws.鈥�
Source: University of Missouri-Columbia
