Getting social with your media
Kristine Nowak isn鈥檛 rushing to join the newest social network. In fact, she thinks that on the surface, Google Plus is something of a hoax.
鈥淚 see very little new in Google Plus,鈥� she says. 鈥淚 don鈥檛 see anything that Google Plus is doing that Facebook isn鈥檛 doing.鈥�
But, she鈥檚 quick to add, having nothing new to offer to today鈥檚 social media world might not matter in the least. What matters, she says, is people鈥檚 perception of novelty.
鈥淚nnovations don鈥檛 have to be new. They just have to be thought of as new,鈥� she says, adding that this concept is a basic principle of communication science.
And she should know. Nowak, associate professor of communication sciences in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, studies how different types of media 鈥� advertisers, social networks, technologies 鈥� are created, marketed, and perceived.
Communication scientists accept that several factors need to be in place for an innovation to be successful, she says. People have to first know about the new technology, and once they hear about it, they assess whether it will fill a need in their lives. Then they try it out, and if they believe it鈥檚 easy enough to use and fulfills their need, they may adopt it.
Given these requirements, it鈥檚 very easy for even an important breakthrough to be glossed over. Only about 5 percent of innovations succeed, Nowak says.
Will people switch?
In the case of Google Plus, which allows easy creation of social groups and a cleaner, ad-free interface, Nowak thinks that the social network could be successful in convincing the public of its novelty. But getting people to move from their social network of choice 鈥� in most cases, Facebook 鈥� could be difficult.
鈥淭o convince people that it鈥檚 worth the cost of switching from what they already use will be hard,鈥� she says.
On the other hand, she notes, many people don鈥檛 think critically about whether an innovation is useful or just a fad. Companies spend billions trying to persuade their customers to do things or buy products, so Nowak advocates media literacy: the ability to evaluate messages from various media outlets.
Evaluating avatars
Nowak started her career in politics, where she was fascinated by the power of persuasion. In particular, she wondered, how does the medium in which a message is delivered can affect the message itself?
Phone calls and door-to-door canvassing are tried-and-true ways to deliver a candidate鈥檚 message. That鈥檚 because if the person at your door or on the other end of the line seems credible, says Nowak, the message often seems credible too.
Today Nowak studies the same concept on the Web. People represent themselves online by using a graphic, and Nowak is interested in the credibility of these avatars.
鈥淭here鈥檚 a high level of confidence in your perception of someone when meeting face-to-face. But are people honest in their self-presentation online?鈥� she asks.
Her research has found that although people can make any likeness of themselves online, most people choose icons that are honest about who they are or what they鈥檙e like in the online community.
鈥淭here鈥檚 no more attempt to deceive than in real life 鈥� if they鈥檙e short, they don鈥檛 pick a tall avatar so they seem tall,鈥� she says. 鈥淪ometimes people focus on how an avatar differs from a person physically, instead of looking at what the person wanted to present.鈥�
Often, says Nowak, people choose avatars that represent some aspect of their personality instead of their physical appearance. People who like sports often use avatars that include sports equipment, or musicians use musical instruments.
Like political candidates, the nature of an avatar can affect the message it conveys, and people may stereotype a person or an entity based on their icon. Nowak鈥檚 future research will focus on the characteristics of avatars that are most persuasive to people, such as iconic advertising personalities.
Nowak hopes to work with UConn鈥檚 new Center for Digital Media to create digital representations of particular characteristics of avatars.
鈥淯Conn鈥檚 virtual reality research could be really beneficial to this work,鈥� Nowak says.
Risking innovation
As for Google Plus, Nowak says it鈥檚 too soon to predict success or failure in an industry that can take up to 20 years for innovations to take hold.
But even if Google isn鈥檛 successful in convincing the public that it needs its online community, that won鈥檛 be the end of the world, she adds.
鈥淔ailure鈥檚 not a bad thing. Companies have to try new things and throw things out there in order to find new innovations,鈥� she says. 鈥淐ompanies only fail when they stop trying to come up with new innovations, because then they will be left behind.鈥�
Provided by University of Connecticut
